Sodium Citrate

Sodium citrate is the trisodium salt of citric acid widely used in skincare formulations as a pH adjuster and buffer, helping maintain an optimal product pH—typically around 4.5–5.5—to align with the skin’s natural acid mantle and prevent irritation. Its chelating properties allow it to bind metal ions such as calcium and magnesium, stabilizing formulations by preventing metal-catalyzed degradation and discoloration of sensitive actives. Additionally, sodium citrate exhibits mild antioxidant and preservative effects, inhibiting microbial growth and extending shelf life. Incorporated at 0.1–0.5% in the water phase, it enhances texture, consistency, and overall stability of creams, cleansers, serums, and exfoliants.